Trauma in infancy includes abuse and neglect, both of which are under-reported – although neglect and abandonment are less likely to be identified than violent maltreatment (Schore, in Siegel and Solomon, 2003). Neglected infants show flattened affect while physically...

Trauma-informed practice or trauma-informed care is based on the fact that people who seek care have experienced trauma at least once (Machiodi, 2020). Providing trauma-informed care means linking past experience to present health and reframing behaviours and...

The discovery that microbes were the etiological agents behind many killing diseases brought about a revolution in health care and the birth of public health prevention from vaccines to clean water to poverty and healthy eating (Bloom, 2016). Germ theory was a...

The impact of trauma requires approaches that address the sensory aspects many survivors report (Machiodi, 2020). Expressive arts therapy uses art, music, dance/movement, dramatic enactment, creative writing and imaginative play to facilitate mainly nonverbal...

Emerging trends in psychotherapy are starting to point beyond just the traumas of the individual to include trauma from family and social history as part of larger picture (Wolynn, 2016). Trauma from the past can send shockwaves forward through the generations...

In his book, Healing collective trauma, Thomas Hubl argues that living in the modern world means that we are familiar with trauma even if it is unconscious. Societies can be filled with the same symptoms as individual trauma: Anxieties, phobias, obsessions,...

Sandra bloom writes that the realisation that humans tend to repeat traumatic experience has led to the fear that our society is suffering post-traumatic deterioration that could lead to self-destruction as it can do with individuals who remained locked into traumatic...