Depression, separation distress and early care

Depression, separation distress and early care

The pioneering affective neuroscientist Jaak Panksepp writes that although we are a resilient species our genetic heritage does not guarantee the development of affectively-balanced minds – this emerges from the ‘primal, inherited emotional forces’ interacting with...
The developmental nest and basic needs

The developmental nest and basic needs

Darcia Narvaez writes that, similar to other life forms, humans have evolved with particular needs. We are born incomplete, barely formed, and are deeply impacted by the postnatal environment, in particular, how physical and psychological needs are met. The sequence...